As long as the party-state arrangement continues, there will be little hope of any serious law enforcement attention given to the cartels; token efforts to please American certification requirements, yes, but no serious efforts of consequence, and public murders of this nature as well as other inappropriate behaviors, will continue to occur. A recent episode involving two low-ranking American military personnel attempting to smuggle a group of Mexicans across the border near Tijuana may only be considered a singular episode (AFP, 10/13/00), but people smuggling has the potential to overtake the drug trade in terms of gross revenue and profitability in the 21st century. So they owed him allegiance.. The Cartel Jalisco will continue to purge the whole state of Zacatecas of the thieves from Durango and Sinaloa. Sinaloa Cartel's El G1, Puppetmaster of Politicians, Arrested in Durango alleged member of the Pacific drug cartel, to the press in Mexico City, Tuesday Open hostilities abated by 1920, but the new decade saw extreme political turmoil, intrigue, and occasional assassination. People smuggling is now a $900 million a year enterprise - interestingly almost twice the budget of the U.S. Border Patrol. It was " by far the strongest cocaine-trafficking group. Benjamin, Jody A., "Human-smuggling ring interrupted," Lincoln Journal/Star, 10/18/00, p.3. The Durango Cartel, also known as the Herrera Cartel, is a Mexican drug cartel based in Durango City, Durango. A former head of the Federal Judicial Police force in Jalisco was arrested in June of 1993 on charges of corruption. TexThey tie him to the Herrera Drugtraffickingfamily. As previously noted, however, one of the major tools currently used in the drug war, the certification process, seems only to aggravate the rift between the two countries. the service of Sinaloa cartel, Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman and Ismael While many of his proposals have fallen on deaf American ears, his stated human rights agenda in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas and the creation of the Truth Commission is clearly in line with American political philosophy. alias' JT 'and Alfredo Beltran Leyva alias' 'Mochomo'. At one such meeting, in January of 1992, Cali Cartel leaders Miguel and Gilberto Rodriguez-Orejula decided that Juarez Cartel leader Carrillo Fuentes would arrange to fly planes loaded with cocaine directly from Colombia to Mexico. Some very legitimate queries can be aired as to whether they really have the tools necessary to embrace modern democracy. The town of Los Herrera is located at 15.6 kilometers from Santiago Papasquiaro, which is the most populated locality in the municipality, in the Southwest direction. Herrera (green shoes killed in club in Juarez in the 80's)corral and Juarez invited zetas to Santiago area. Lyman, Michael and Gary Potter, Organized Crime. Reuters, "U.S. approves Mexican anti-drug efforts," 2/26/98, internet. been hidden in the candy bars. In retrospect, Abrego was probably the victim of his own success. Organized transnational crime possess a political as well as a socio-economic threat to Mexico, and to the entire world. As their criminal careers developed, their business shifted more towards drug smuggling, specifically of heroin, through Durango and parts of Chihuahua as the drug shipments made their way north to the US. The Mexican economy needs American aid and business dollars more than it needs cartel money, though having both would be the best of both worlds. 11. (9) The next exercise was to select a single presidential nominee. Brutality and calloused disregard for life became the norm for rebel and soldier alike. O'Day, Patrick and Rex Venecia, "An Ethnographic Study of Drug Trafficking in a Small Mexican Border Town," Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, November 1999, pp. For a period of time, the Colombians supplied the bulk of the drugs to the Mexicans, who then trans-shipped those products primarily into the United States. That time arrived in they year 2000 when then president Ernesto Zedillo stated that he would not participate in the process of designating his own successor; effectively amputating the finger (AFP, 2/27/99). (6) The plan was never able to be fully realized, for on July 4, 1997, Carrillo Fuentes died while undergoing plastic surgery. the mid-1980s, the family's gross income had reached approximately $200 million pure heroin. They only kill each other and an occasional "deserving/corrupt" politician. Los Herrera in Estado de Durango - tripmondo.com Later in August of 1996, 737 members of the Federal Judicial Police force from all levels were fired on suspicion of corruption (Reuters, 8/16/96). Current events clearly suggest that Mexico appears to be ripe for change. No doubt that CDS and CJNG are the most powerful syndicates in the world. Interestingly, Prevoisin readily admits to having withdrawn millions of dollars from AeroMexico accounts, but claims he did so as ordered by then President Carols Salinas, who instructed Prevoisin to "donate" the funds to the PRI party's 1994 election campaign (AFP, 9/24/99). On the negative side of the anti-drug law enforcement efforts, the transfer of ownership of the Panama Canal emerges as a practical obstacle to American drug interdiction activities. A inicios de agosto el gobierno mexicano anunci la captura del presunto lder del Crtel Santa Rosa de Lima, Jos Antonio Ypez Ortz, alias El "Marro", como una victoria sobre el narcotrfico y. To better understand why the contemporary Mexican political system functions as it does requires a more detailed historical discussion. 1990. Of all the towns in the municipality, it occupies the number #4 in terms of number of inhabitants. Jorge Hank Rhon, the younger of the two sons, lives in the northern border town of Tijuana and is a close associate of the Felix-Arellano brothers, the leaders of The Federation. Reuters, "Mexican drug kingpin Abrego's empire," 1996, internet. They will hire a "chicken seller" (vendepollo) who will work the streets in search of customers, a "fence jumper" (brincador) who guides the illegals across the border, and a driver in the United States who will take them to a safe house where they wait until the final payment is made. President Fox is aggressively pushing the U.S. to end its drug certification program, publicly stressing that the drug problem will not be resolved until America addresses its own corruption problem; "as long as the United States does not end corruption, efforts to curb the illegal drug trade will not be successful"(AFP, 8/19/00). It appears that each Mexican military regiment operates somewhat independently and there is a de-centralized flavor to the operations, though high-ranking Mexican military generals are clearly involved (Dillon, 1998). Things have been relatively quiet since the fall of 1996, though there is still a fair amount of tension and animosity in the area (AFP, 9/14/99). Of the seven, all were former Mexican law enforcement agents. It was thought that this would stem the flow of illegal migrants, but that has not been the case, for a variety of reasons, not the least of which is the American desire for cheap food. He has returned several occasions since, including a visit in October of 2000 (AFP, 10/3/00). All told, the drug trade remains a mega-billion dollar industry; $400 billion a year worldwide, with perhaps as much as $40 billion of that finding its way to Mexico each year, as has been noted above. A recently published Mexican government report found that Mexicans are taking more drugs at younger ages and are beginning to favor low-grade cocaine over marijuana. This meant that the Mexican cartels now had almost complete control of the cocaine trade in the United States, the largest cocaine market in the world. He is the uncle of Juan Garca brego, his successor in the cartel and once considered Mexico's most-wanted man. The Puerto Rican syndicates took only 25 to 40 percent of the cut, and packages sent to the United States from Puerto Rico (an American possession) were not inspected as closely as those coming in from other countries. In a recent piece of investigative reporting, the New York Times broke a story that a number of Mexican generals met with cartel leaders on at least two occasions in 1996 and 1997. Fuentes arranged for eight multi-ton shipments to be flown from Bolivia straight to Mexico. As United States Customs officials watched, Mexican army personnel proceeded to kill all seven Mexican police officers as they attempt to seize the drugs. Mexico experienced 40 to 50 gangland slayings in the following six months (Reuters, 2/13/98). AFP, "Latin American leaders slam U.S. assessment on drug fighting efforts," 2/27/98, internet. The Mexican cartels have also been extremely successful in exploiting the new American methamphetamine market, and have emerged as the dominant force in this area, as noted by then DEA Director Thomas Constantine - "The major Mexican trafficking groups control and coordinate all aspects of the methamphetamine business" (Constantine, 2/27/97). The role of the printed press in contemporary Mexico is also undergoing a significant shift. (13) Recent events have shaken the relationship between the U.S. and Mexico however. AFP, "Mexico turns down request for extradition to US of methamphetamine king," 7/20/99, internet. The President. More research needs to be undertaken into the structures, techniques, and impacts of organized crime on society. (Zarembo, 2000, p. 36). 15. All five were killed in the encounter. New deals were in the making between the Colombian and Mexican cartels. The next phase will see transnational organized crime entities emerge as the de-facto sovereign of significance in the world. He had undergone plastic surgery in the past, and was attempting to further alter his appearance to conceal his identity from American government authorities. Instead of cooperating, they competed with each other which left the market and the power structure quite fragmented. We have located on the Internet several beautiful images of places and locations nearby, so you can see the beauty of this Mexican town. Many American officials and political observers recognize that there are no objective certification standards, that the process is extremely arbitrary, and has more to do with political winds than substantive effort and progress (AFP, 2/27/98). AFP, "Mexico's ruling party defeats opposition alliance in state elections," 9/27/99, internet. It has recently been revealed that Mexican federal police officers working for the Tijuana Cartel carried out this murder. This blow could have brought the cartels into an all out war, and it would have, if not for the wisdom of Carrillo Fuentes. Reuters, "Poll: Mexicans sour on U.S.," 5/6/97, internet. El Arqui fled to a cave nearby and hid out inside it, protected by a number of bodyguards. The result of this episode was a total re-assessment in Washington D.C. Associated Press, "Mexico drug certification likely," 3/1/99, internet. At this point, they seem to be adjusting. But Mexican leadership also benefit from this charade, for they use it as a smoke screen to help the cartels with which they have become aligned. Mexican politics was dominated for some 35 years by Jose de la Cruz Porfirio Diaz who served as President from 1876 until 1911 (with a four year hiatus from 1880 to 1884). Coyote's generally hire fence jumpers who are under the age of 18, and thus free from prosecution under federal people-smuggling law. At the 11th hour however, Mexico capitulated. Federal police agents present Jaime Herrera, alias "El Viejito," As events unfolded, it turns out that the financial crisis had its roots in the drug trade. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1997. The Mexican business community, utilizing the NAFTA agreement, is seeking to level the playing field with its American colleagues. Meyer, Michael C., and William L. Sherman, The Course of Mexican History, New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. There is no clamor in Mexico to stop the cartels. A strong case has been made by a number of commentators that he was prepared to begin a clean-up in the PRI, and that his death was consequently arranged via an agreement between the cartels and the PRI. It's the latest As a result, the entire Mexican economic structure became de-stabilized. eventually resulted in the seizure of 39 kilograms of heroin, as well as the Mexico was experiencing somewhat of an economic boom in the early and mid-1990s. Reuters, "Mexico drug war diverts cocaine back to Florida," 2/13/98, internet. "These (auto-theft) bands operate on both sides of the border without problem," noted Phil Jordon, former DEA official and former head of the El Paso Intelligence Center (Reuters, 1/6/98). Leadership of this cartel is currently being contested, but Adado' brother Vicente seems now to have gained control. Sad state of situation in Mexico, Seems like the new security strategy starting to show results!! Bulky and possessing a penetrating pungent odor that is virtually impossible to mask, the movement of marijuana presents very different transport dynamics than does either heroin or cocaine. The end result of this new drug war is that the Mexican drug problem has now been placed on the proverbial back burner. In September of 1999, the Mexican Congress asked the Mexican Supreme Court to intervene and force Zedillo to reveal the exact nature of his relationship with Carlos Peniche. How will the cartels respond to the extremely aggressive Chinese Triad drug marketing strategies? A similar, though less publicly discussed account is given of the previously mentioned March 1994 assassination of Luis Donald Colosio. What part will the Mexican cartels play in the new Fox government? in a series of arrests of associates of Guzman, the most wanted man in Mexico. Gente Nueva (English: New People), also known as Los Chapitos, in reference to their drug lord Joaqun Guzmn Loera, is a large group of well-trained and experienced gunmen that function as one of the elite armed wings of the Sinaloa Cartel, created to counter, battle and destroy the Jurez Cartel's influence in the Mexican north-west, as well as to battle and destroy La Lnea which is .
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